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In a recently completed report, Tsinghua University Institute of international engineering project management, construction environment and equipment engineering, funded by Canada Wood Industry Association, pointed out that "such a large-scale housing construction will not only bring a large amount of short-term energy and resource consumption, but also will form a huge energy consumption of these houses in the future service life." Tsinghua University's report divides "building energy consumption" into two parts: building construction energy consumption (including cement, steel, etc., currently 60% of China's steel products are building materials, and almost all of the cement products are put into the construction industry), and building energy consumption (heat energy, electricity, etc.).
At present, many cities basically adopt "solving the problems of running, running, leaking, saving water and electricity" to build "energy-saving cities", but these energy-saving practices seem to be a little bit of a cure for the symptoms and no cure for the root among the experts who praise "wood structure houses". The report of Tsinghua University points out that compared with the current mainstream concrete structure and light steel structure buildings, "wood structure houses save money". It works best. Relevant experts said that the promotion of wood structure housing may be a breakthrough in building an energy-saving city.
According to a recent study by the Department of building technology and science of Tsinghua University, in Beijing, the heating energy consumption of wood structure houses is 22.6% lower than that of light steel structure houses and 30% lower than that of concrete structure houses; in Shanghai, the heating energy consumption of wood structure houses is 27.1% and 31.3% lower than that of light steel structure houses and concrete structure houses respectively, which can be greatly reduced by adopting more wood structures. In the process, the physical and chemical energy of various high energy consumption building materials such as steel and cement in the building is effective for short-term energy conservation, and these buildings will also save a lot of energy in the subsequent use process. Compared with steel and concrete, each ton of wood needs only 453kw of electricity, while one ton of steel needs 3780kw of electricity, and the growth process of wood can absorb carbon dioxide.
Energy saving buildings refer to the low energy consumption buildings designed by following the basic methods of climate design and energy saving, after studying the building planning area, group and single body, building orientation, spacing, solar radiation, wind direction and external space environment. Because of the good warming effect of energy-saving buildings, that is, the room temperature will not change significantly with the change of outdoor temperature, which is natural. The effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer is called "air conditioning room" by experts.
The biggest characteristic of wood structure house is environmental protection. Wood is the only renewable main building material. In terms of energy consumption, temperature chamber steam, air and water pollution and ecological resource exploitation, the environmental protection of wood structure is far better than that of brick concrete structure and steel structure. It is recognized as green environmental protection building material. Moreover, once the house is built and needs to be demolished, these wood can also pass through There is no need to worry about the environmental damage caused by the rotting process. Once the buildings built with reinforced concrete as the main building materials need to be demolished, their construction waste may not form a good cycle for decades or even for hundreds of years. Because the wood structure adopts assembly construction, for general villas, it will take 15-20 working days to complete the structure above the foundation. The construction period of a single building, including decoration, can be basically controlled within 2-3 months. Most of the construction work is dry work, so that the construction has strong adaptability to the climate, does not need a long maintenance period like concrete works, and the construction in winter is limited, so the construction period is short. In addition, the wood has high strength, relatively small proportion, strong processability, and can be used for all kinds of construction. The performance ability of type A is beyond the reach of other building materials. This flexibility makes the wood structure suitable for almost all building specifications and interior and exterior decoration. In addition, because there is no building materials such as steel bar, concrete, lime and so on, there is no use of large-scale machinery in construction. The new dry construction method adopted not only saves water, but also reduces dust and noise pollution.
Since the beginning of human being, wood has been getting along with people at night, providing a lot of help to human life. Therefore, a good management plan can make this world's most precious resources to virtuous circle, and provide the most "close" help for human beings to continue. The research of New York national experiment proves that: the only building in the world that can be called truly green and environmental protection -- wooden house, saves 50% energy compared with ordinary cement and brick structure houses.
Building Energy Efficiency Evaluation Office of Shanghai Academy of construction, comprehensively evaluated the completed wooden structure buildings, and pointed out that compared with the traditional concrete buildings of the same area and style, the power consumption of heating and air conditioning of buildings in one year is about 25%. In the testing of other projects, the testing and evaluation of the wall and roof truss system of wood structure (filled with structural wood, board and insulation cotton) show that the insulation capacity of the wood structure wall with the thickness of 150 mm is similar to that of the brick wall with the thickness of 610 mm, and the energy saving of the wood structure building is 50% - 70% compared with the concrete structure. In addition, due to the difference of wall thickness, the yield of wood structure building is 5% - 8% higher than that of ordinary brick concrete building.
Wood itself is very durable, which can be used for a long time without replacement or repair. For example, the Forbidden City of our country and so on. The ancient wood structure buildings that still exist in our country today can be traced back to 3000 years ago. Many ancient historical buildings at home and abroad still stand up today, even the foundation of Empire great summer in New York of the United States is built on wood piles.
Wood has the characteristics of adjusting temperature and humidity. Wood is a kind of porous material, heat conduction system